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Fascism
The word ‘fascism’ sometimes appears to have become a catch-all term of abuse, applicable to anyone on the political right, from Hitler to Donald Trump and from Putin to Thatcher.While some argue that it lacks any distinctive conceptual meaning at all, others have supplied highly elaborate definitions of its ‘essential’ features.It is therefore a concept that presents unique challenges for any student of political theory or history. In this accessible book, Roger Griffin, one of the world’s leading authorities on fascism, brings welcome clarity to this controversial ideology.He examines its origins and development as a political concept, from its historical beginnings in 1920s Italy up to the present day, and guides students through the confusing maze of debates surrounding the nature, definition and meaning of fascism.Elucidating with skill and precision its dynamic as a utopian ideology of national/racial rebirth, Griffin goes on to examine its post-Second World War mutations and its relevance to understanding contemporary right-wing political phenomena, ranging from Marine Le Pen to Golden Dawn.This concise and engaging volume will be of great interest to all students of political theory, the history of political thought, and modern history.
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Fascism
Fascism as a political ideology is a product of the modern age.It is an ideology which has been identified with totalitarianism, state terror, social engineering, fanaticism, orchestrated violence, and blind obedience.Yet once again fascism is in the ascendant, suggesting that it is time for us to renew our understanding of its ideas, ideals, and inhumanities. What is fascism? Why does it still hold such strong appeal? Why does it create charismatic and dangerous movements?To what may these lead?This Reader offers a wide selection of texts written by fascist thinkers and propagandists both inside and outside Europe, before and after the Second World War.There are extracts on fascism in Italy and Germany, on the abortive pre-1945 fascisms, on reactions to fascism, and on post-war and contemporary fascism.With contributions from writers as diverse as Benito Mussolini and Primo Levi, Joseph Goebbels and George Orwell, this Reader provides a fascinating insight into the depths and breadths of fascism, prompting the student and general reader alike to give greater consideration to this expanding political force.
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Facts & Fascism
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Histories of Fascism and Anti-Fascism in Australia
Histories of Fascism and Anti-Fascism in Australia provides a history of fascist movements and anti-fascist resistance in Australia over the past century. In recent years, the far right has become a resurgent force across the globe, resulting in populist parties securing electoral victories, social movements organising on the streets, and acts of right-wing terrorism.Australia has not been immune to this. However, this is not merely a recent phenomenon; it has a long history of fascist and far-right groups and individuals.These groups have attempted to situate themselves within the wider settler colonial political landscape, often portraying themselves as the inheritors of a violent and exclusionary colonial past.Concurrently, these groups have linked into globalised anti-communist and white supremacist networks.At the same time, Australia has often seen resistance to fascism and the far right, from the political centre to the far left.Covering the period from the 1920s to the present day, and featuring insights from historians, sociologists, and political scientists, this book provides the most detailed account of this fascinating and important topic.This book will be of interest to students and activists with an interest in the extreme right and anti-fascism as well as Australian history, politics, and society.
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Isn't that fascism?
Fascism is a political ideology characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, strong regimentation of society and the economy, and typically a policy of belligerent nationalism and racism. If a government or leader exhibits these characteristics, it could be considered fascist. It is important to carefully analyze the actions and policies of a government or leader before labeling them as fascist.
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Does fascism follow?
Fascism is a political ideology that emphasizes authoritarianism, nationalism, and the suppression of individual freedoms. It has historically followed periods of social and economic instability, as well as during times of political polarization and crisis. However, the rise of fascism is not inevitable and can be prevented through strong democratic institutions, respect for human rights, and a commitment to pluralism and tolerance. It is important for societies to remain vigilant and actively work to counter the conditions that can lead to the rise of fascism.
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What is fascism actually?
Fascism is a far-right political ideology that promotes authoritarianism, nationalism, and the suppression of individual rights. It often involves a dictatorial leader who exerts control over all aspects of society, including the economy, media, and culture. Fascist regimes typically use propaganda, censorship, and violence to maintain power and suppress dissent. Historically, fascism has been associated with extreme forms of racism, xenophobia, and militarism.
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What is social fascism?
Social fascism is a term used by some Marxist-Leninists to describe a political strategy where a social democratic party aligns with fascist forces to suppress revolutionary movements and maintain capitalist power. This concept suggests that social democratic parties, by upholding the capitalist system and collaborating with fascist elements, are essentially serving the interests of the ruling class and perpetuating oppressive systems. The term was popularized during the interwar period when some socialist parties in Europe were seen as compromising with fascist regimes.
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Fascism and Democracy
'The feeling that the very concept of objective truth is fading out of the world ... this prospect frightens me much more than bombs'On the 70th anniversary of George Orwell's death, a new collection of his brilliant essays written during the Second World WarFascism and Democracy collects five brilliant examples of Orwell's writing during the darkest days of World War Two.Grappling with the principles of democracy and the potential of reform, the meaning of literature and free speech in times of violence, and the sustainability of objective truth, Orwell offers a compelling portrayal of a nation where norms and ideals can no longer be taken for granted. Like the best of Orwell's writing, these essays also serve as timeless reminders of the fragility of freedom.
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Essays on Fascism
"The Ideology of Fascism" was written by Oswald Mosley in 1967 and provides a post WW2 analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of Fascism as a political doctrine, and utilising its strengths proposes a United Europe, in union with science, as a prime requirement for the 21st Century. "The Doctrine of Fascism" was written by Benito Mussolini and the Italian philosopher Giovanni Gentile. A key concept of which was that fascism was a rejection of previous models: "If the 19th century was the century of the individual we are free to believe that this is the 'collective' century, and therefore the century of the State." Giovanni Gentile was inspired by Italian intellectuals such as Mazzini, Rosmini, Gioberti, and Spaventa from whom he developed the idea of "self-construction," but also was strongly influenced by the German idealist and materialist schools of thought - namely Marx, Hegel, Fichte, and Nietzsche. Gentile was described by Mussolini, as 'the philosopher of Fascism'. Alfredo Rocco developed the economic and political theory of corporatism which would become part of the Fascist Manifesto of the National Fascist Party. Rocco denounced the European powers for imposing foreign culture on Italy and criticized the European powers for endorsing too much liberalism and individualism. The Fascist Manifesto was endorsed by a large number of intellectuals, and writers, including Luigi Pirandello, Gabriele D'Annunzio, Filippo Tommaso Marinetti and Giuseppe Ungaretti.
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Frege and Fascism
This book is the first to examine in minutiae the politics of Gottlob Frege (1848–1925), and his connections with various traditions of far-right and fascist thought. Frege was a philosopher of logic, language, and mathematics.But he also believed that one could reconcile the politics of the far right with a firm commitment to reason-guided inquiry and scientific objectivity.The fundamental claim of the text is that Gottlob Frege was, from the early 1890s to the mid-1920s, an anti-democratic, nationalist political thinker and that his political thought eventually took on a fascist character.This book makes no attempt to vilify or demonize Gottlob Frege, nor does it try to rescue him from criticism.It simply seeks to tell the truth about Frege’s descent into fascism: to document it in hitherto unprecedented detail; to situate it in the context of intellectual and political debates in early Weimar-era Germany; and to explain how it could have happened that someone so intelligent and so manifestly devoted to reason and logic could have embraced fascism with such unreserved enthusiasm. Frege and Fascism will be of interest to scholars of analytic philosophy, intellectual history, fascism, and anti-democratic thought.
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Fascism : A Warning
The #1 NYT BESTSELLER A personal and urgent examination of Fascism in the twentieth century and how its legacy shapes today’s world, written by one of America’s most admired public servants, the first woman to serve as U.S. secretary of state. “There is priceless wisdom on every page.” Kirkus Starred review A Fascist, observes Madeleine Albright, ‘is someone who claims to speak for a whole nation or group, is utterly unconcerned with the rights of others, and is willing to use violence and whatever other means are necessary to achieve the goals he or she might have.’ The twentieth century was defined by the clash between democracy and Fascism, a struggle that created uncertainty about the survival of human freedom and left millions of innocent people dead.Given the horrors of that experience, one might expect the world to reject the spiritual successors to Hitler and Mussolini should they arise in our era.In Fascism: A Warning, Madeleine Albright, draws on her own experiences as a child in war-torn Europe and her distinguished career as a diplomat to question that very assumption. Fascism, as Albright shows, not only endured through the course of the twentieth century, but now presents a more virulent threat to international peace and justice than at any time since the end of World War II.The momentum toward democracy that swept the world when the Berlin Wall fell has gone into reverse.The United States, which has historically championed the free world, is led by a president who exacerbates popular divisions and heaps scorn on democratic institutions.In many countries, economic, technological and cultural factors are weakening the political centre and empowering the extremes of right and left.Contemporary leaders such as Vladimir Putin and Kim Jong-un are employing many of the same tactics used by Fascists in the 1920s and 30s. Fascism: A Warning is a book for our times that is relevant to all times.Written with wisdom by someone who has not only studied history but helped to shape it, this call to arms teaches us the lessons we must understand and the questions we must answer if we are to save ourselves from repeating the tragic errors of the past.
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Did Stalin develop fascism?
No, Stalin did not develop fascism. Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian ultranationalism characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and the economy. Stalin, on the other hand, was the leader of the Soviet Union and a proponent of communism, which is a far-left ideology that advocates for the collective ownership of the means of production and the elimination of class distinctions. While both ideologies are authoritarian in nature, they are fundamentally different in their principles and goals.
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Should fascism be introduced?
No, fascism should not be introduced. Fascism is an authoritarian and oppressive ideology that suppresses individual freedoms and promotes discrimination and violence. It goes against the principles of democracy, equality, and human rights. Introducing fascism would lead to the erosion of civil liberties, the marginalization of certain groups, and the potential for widespread social and political unrest. Instead, societies should strive to uphold democratic values and promote inclusivity and equality for all.
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Is fascism left-wing?
No, fascism is not left-wing. Fascism is a far-right ideology that is characterized by authoritarianism, nationalism, and the suppression of opposition. It is often associated with extreme right-wing political movements and is opposed to the principles of socialism and communism, which are left-wing ideologies. Fascism seeks to maintain a hierarchical society with a strong central government and is often associated with xenophobia, racism, and militarism.
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What is eco-fascism?
Eco-fascism is a political ideology that combines elements of environmentalism with authoritarianism and ethnonationalism. It often promotes the idea of preserving the environment through strict population control, eugenics, and the exclusion or elimination of certain groups of people deemed to be a threat to the environment. Eco-fascists may advocate for extreme measures to protect the environment, such as forced sterilization, mass deportations, or even genocide. This ideology is widely condemned for its dangerous and discriminatory views.
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